- Color : Heartwood varies from yellow-brown to dark golden brown; turns rich brown under exposure to sunlight. Sapwood is a lighter cream color.
- Grain : Straight; coarse, uneven texture.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high color variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1155.
- Dimensional Stability : Excellent (change coefficient .00186)
- Durability : Stiff and dense; resists wear, excellent shock resistance
- Origin of Timber : Myanmar (Burma), Thailand
- Color : Heartwood is yellowish to orange-brown when freshly cut, turning brown or dark red-brown upon exposure.
- Grain : Straight to interlocked or wavy; coarse texture.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high color variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1925.
- Dimensional Stability : Excellent
- Durability : Strength is comparable to hickory, but density is somewhat lower.
- Origin of Timber : Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
- Color : Light Brown to Chocolate, darkening to a full walnut colour, sapwood is reddish white in colour.
- Grain : Straight, Coarse, uneven texture, lustrous.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high colour variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 2100.
- Dimensional Stability : Good
- Durability : Dense and Very Strong.
- Origin of Timber : Myanmar (Burma), Laos, Nepal
- Color : Heartwood yellowish brown to reddish brown , sapwood whitish to light brown.
- Grain : Straight coarse , lustre usually low, without distinct colour , highly figured , pores in radial or diagonal rows rather than being porus.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high colour variation
- Hardness (Janka) : 1360 / 1290.
- Dimensional Stability : Good
- Durability : Hard, Excellent shock resistance and used for all purposes for hundreds of years.
- Origin of Timber : North America
- Color : Sapwood is gray-white; heartwood is salmon red to orange-brown when fresh, and becomes russet or reddish brown when seasoned; often marked with dark streaks.
- Grain : Mostly interlocked; texture is medium to rather coarse.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high color variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 2350.
- Dimensional Stability : Average
- Durability : Dense and very strong.
- Origin of Timber : South America
- Color : Dull Chocolate to Reddish Brown with parenchyma striping, sharply demarcated with whitish sapwood.
- Grain : Texture Closed, grain irregular and interlocked.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to high color variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 2140.
- Dimensional Stability : Average
- Durability : Highly Dense and Strong.
- Origin of Timber : South America
- Color : Heartwood a medium of failry dark reddish brown and purplish brown, sapwood whitish or pale yellow, distinct
- Grain : Texture rather fine, grain interlocked, sometimes wavy producing a narrow uniform, roe figure lustrous
- Variation within species and grades : Slight Variation in colors.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1500.
- Dimensional Stability : Good
- Durability : Average to High Durability
- Origin of Timber : Cameroon, North America
- Color : Heart wood is reddish brown with darker streaks, often locally specked with dark gummy exudations, sapwood pale reddish white.
- Grain : Texture rather fine, grain interlocked, frequently wavy, texture moderately fine.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to medium colour variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 2275.
- Dimensional Stability : Above Average
- Durability : very durable and strong, also known as Ironwood
- Origin of Timber : Myanmar(Burma)
- Color : Heartwood dark brown to almost black with alternate layer of light and dark tissue forming decorative figure, sapwood yellowish white.
- Grain : Texture rather coarse , straight and figured grains.
- Variation within species and grades : Moderate to High colour variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1630.
- Dimensional Stability : Excellent
- Durability : Highly Durable, resists wear.
- Origin of Timber : DRC (Congo), Cameroon, North Africa
- Color : Heartwood yellowish Brown to Brown in colour.
- Grain : Very similar in grain, coarse with distinct marks.
- Variation within species and grades : Medium to dark colour variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1600.
- Dimensional Stability : Above average.
- Durability : Very under utilized and over looked resource , being used now for few years
generally durable.
- Origin of Timber : Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Color : Heartwood varies from a pale yellowish brown to dark brown with lighter markings most conspicuous on flat sawn surfaces. Sapwood yellowish white clearly demarcated.
- Grain : Medium to large , grain typically interlocked , sometimes irregular.
- Variation within species and grades : Medium to High colour variation.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1260.
- Dimensional Stability : Excellent.
- Durability : Stiff , resists wear , shock resistance.
generally durable.
- Origin of Timber : North Africa.
- Color : Heartwood reddish brown after exposure , sapwood pale to straw whitish, medium
lusture .
- Grain : Texture moderate to coarse, grain straight and interlocked .
- Variation within species and grades : Slight to medium variation in colour.
- Hardness (Janka) : 1810.
- Dimensional Stability : Very good.
- Durability : Dense and Very Durable.
- Origin of Timber : Cameroon (North Africa).
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